Which disease results from either direct or indirect contact with the urine of infected rodents or other animals?

• A. Scrub typhus.
• B. Leptospirosis.
• C. Tularemia.
• D. Plague.

Answer: (B)

Leptospirosis is transmitted when people come into contact with urine from infected animals, often via contaminated water or soil. The bacteria are shed in the urine and can enter the body through broken skin or mucous membranes, making both direct contact with urine and indirect contact through contaminated water or mud possible routes. This urine-based transmission is the hallmark that fits the scenario described.

Other choices involve different transmission routes: scrub typhus is spread by bite of infected mites (chiggers), tularemia by handling infected animals or exposure to contaminated aerosols or vectors like ticks, and plague by fleas or direct contact with infected animals. None of these center on urine as the vehicle, which is why leptospirosis is the best fit for this question.